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DETAILS OF EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY
BASIC WORDS
This "DETAILS OF EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY" can be called "This Book." This book, "EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY," "SEPARATING EACH STATE POWER INTO THE TWO SYSTEMS OF THAT OF THE RULE OF LAW PROTECTING LIBERAL RIGHTS AND THAT OF THE HUMAN RULE SECURING SOCIAL RIGHTS," "SENSATIONS AND RECOLLECTIONS OF IMAGES―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING MEMORIES," "EGOS AND THEIR TENDENCIES―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING EGOS," "FACING TENDENCIES FALLING INTO A VICIOUS CIRCLE―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING HABITS," and "PARTICULAR THINGS AND GENERAL THINGS" can be called "These Books." In addition, "SENSATIONS AND RECOLLECTIONS OF IMAGES―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING MEMORIES," "EGOS AND THEIR TENDENCIES―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING EGOS," and "FACING TENDENCIES FALLING INTO A VICIOUS CIRCLE―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING HABITS" can be called "A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY."
In this book, the words of material things, properties, functions, living things, living functions, animals, animal functions, sensations, memories, feelings, desires, egos, thinkings, their existing and functioning, tendencies, habits, and so on basically designate the same things as are designated in "A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY," and "PARTICULAR THINGS AND GENERAL THINGS." Please refer to it for the details. All the same, there is no serious problems if it is thought that those words designate the same things as are designated in our daily lives and in conventional science. The meanings of some important words and the differences of the meanings of some words from their meaning in "A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY" will be explained briefly.
In "A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY," the distinction between beings like material things, living things, animals, human beings, and so on on the one hand and their properties including functions like material functions, living functions, animal functions, human functions, and so on on the other hand was important. The distinction between them is not so important in this book. In addition, in "A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY," being or existence was premised as self-evident, and functions are more important than it. In this book, though functions are important, being or existence is not premised as self-evident, and is very important. Therefore material things and their properties including functions, living things and their properties including functions, animals and their properties including functions, human beings and their properties including functions, or the like are usually called "Material Things," "Living Things," "Animals," "Human Beings," or the like in this book. In addition, in "A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY," the distinction between material things' being caused or changed and their properties including functions' being caused or changed, the distinction between living things' being caused or changed and their properties including functions' being caused or changed, or the like was important. The distinction between them is not so important in this book. Therefore material things' being caused or changed and their properties including functions' being caused or changed, living things' being caused or changed and their properties including functions' being caused or changed, or the like is also called the Material Thing's Being Caused or "Existing and Functioning," the Living Thing's Being Caused or Existing and Functioning, or the like in this book. For example, human beings have existed and functioned for millions of years. Above all, living things' existing and functioning can be called Their "Living."
Anyway, human beings are included in animals, animals are included in living things, and living things are included in material things.
In "A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY," individuals are more important than species or societies. Therefore the words of animals, human beings, and so on usually designated their individuals. In contrast, species and societies are more important than individuals in this book. Therefore the words of living things, animals, human beings, and so on usually designate their species or societies in this book.
Every material thing is functioned to by some other material things and functions to some other material things directly or indirectly. It is impossible to enumerate all of the other material things that a material thing is functioned to by and functions to directly and indirectly. For example, an individual is functioned to directly by the sights, sounds, and touches, indirectly by his or her family, teachers, and classmates, or boss, colleagues, and staff in his or her home, school, or company, more indirectly by other families, schools, companies, and so on, and they are endless. Therefore the words "directly or indirectly" and most of the other material things which are self-evident are omitted in these books. For example, when the evolution of living things is explained, the explanation of the generation of the solar system or the earth is omitted.
LIVING THINGS
The material things which synthesize some macromolecules like proteins, lipids, saccharides, and nucleic acids, consist of them, and reproduce some other material things which have the same necessary properties as they have can be called "Living Things." Genes also synthesize nucleic acids and proteins, consist of them, and replicate themselves, and so they are living things. In the same way, cells are living things while sometimes composing larger living things. Of course, animals and plants are living things.
In addition, the functions which living things have can be called their "Living Functions," and living things and their properties including living functions can be called "Living Things." Living functions include nonsexual and sexual reproduction. The genesis of living things in themselves, of cellular membranes, of genes, of cells, of multicellular organisms, and of species and evolution, and so on are included in living functions in these books.
The words of all living things can designate an infinite number of living things which exist and function in the space which has endless space and time. Sometimes in these books, all the living things on the earth are also called "All Living Things." In contrast, some living things somewhere other than on the earth are sometimes called "Material Things Similar to the Earth's Living Things" in these books.
SPECIES OF LIVING THINGS
When some living things (A) having a common set of necessary properties (AP) reproduce (A) having a common set of necessary properties (AP) over generations or when some living things (B) and (C) having a common set of necessary properties (BCP) function to each other and reproduce (B) and (C) having the same common set of necessary properties (BCP) over generations, (A) or (B) and (C) can be called a "Species (of Living Things)."
A living thing which can exist and function while spatially separated from the other living things can be called an "Individual (of Living Things)." Most animals which we see in our daily lives are individuals.
In "A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY," animals and human beings were explained with their individuals made units. In contrast, in this book they are usually explained with their species made units. Therefore, usually in this book, the words of some living things designate some species of living things, and the words of human beings designate the species of "Homo sapiens." In addition, the species having sensations or more as functions can be called "Animals." The species having photosynthesis as functions can be called "Plants." Again, human beings are included in animals, animals are included in living things, and living things are included in the material things.
POSSIBILITIES AND ABILITIES
The "possibility" of a material thing's existing and functioning involves the possibilities of some other material things' existing and functioning. In contrast to possibility, the possibility of a material thing's existing and functioning which is intrinsic to that material thing can be called the Material Thing's "Ability" (or Capability) or "Tendencies" or "Habits." As for their details and distinction, please refer to "EGOS AND THEIR TENDENCIES―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING EGOS" and "FACING TENDENCIES FALLING INTO A VICIOUS CIRCLE―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING HABITS." Their details and distinction do not matter much in this book.
THE NATURE
Anyway, the possibility of some material things' existing and functioning involves the possibilities of some other material things' existing and functioning. The possibility of some living things' existing and functioning involves the possibilities of some other material things including some other living things' existing and functioning. The possibility of a species' existing and functioning involves the possibilities of some other material things including some other species' existing and functioning. For example, the possibility of human beings' existing and functioning involves the possibilities of the sun, the earth, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, the photosynthesis by the plants, the food chains from microorganism via plants to some other animals, and so on's existing and functioning. Moreover, there exist and function some other material things including some other species and their functions without which none of a species can exist or function. In addition, there exist and function some other material things without which none of the species on the earth can exist and function. Some other material things including some other species without which none of a species can exist or function can be called the "Nature" of or for the species. In addition, some other material things without which none of the species on the earth can exist or function can be called the Nature of or for (all) living things. For example 1, the sun, the earth, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, photosynthesis by plants, food chains from microorganism via plants to other animals, and so on are human beings' nature or the nature for human beings. For example 2, the sun, the earth, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and so on are living things' nature or the nature for living things. When it is clear for what a nature exists and functions, the modifiers "of or for living things," and the like can be omitted and the words "the nature" can be used.
Some living things can exist and function temporarily even when most of their nature does not exist or function. All the same, when their nature does not exist or function, the living things will be extinguished sooner or later. For example, even if several women and men, with a space ship, several pets, oxygen, water, food, clothes, fuel, drugs, and so on for thousands of years exist and function, those human beings will be extinguished in a few generations through the decrease of the abilities of immunity or of sexual functions or unexpected physical or mental disorders. Some living things' existing and functioning temporarily in even if most of their true nature does not exist or function is not included in living things' existing or functioning, and such bogus nature as was enumerated above is not included in the nature in these books.
The nature for the past living things is different from that for the present living things. The nature for the genesis of living things in themselves, cellular membranes, genes, or the like is different from the nature for the present Living things. It is either (1) that living things in themselves were generated in the nature of the past earth which was different from that of the present earth, (2) that living things in themselves had been generated in the nature of another celestial body and came to the earth, or (3) that the sources of living things had been generated in the nature of another celestial body and had come to the earth and that the living things in themselves were generated from them. Maybe it is (3). Anyway, it is thought that there is little possibility that living things in themselves are generated in the nature of the present earth.
GENES AND EVOLUTION
Genes consist of certain kinds of "Bases" and certain chains which bind bases. The permutations of the bases are the "Base Sequences" of genes. The base sequences of genes determine most of the living things mainly by determining the structures and polarities of proteins. Base sequences often change spontaneously. This is the substance of "Spontaneous Mutation." Though it is the error of genes' replication, this error bring about dramas for living things though they may be tragedies. Out of the living things involving genes which have undergone some spontaneous mutations, only a few that can exist and function and reproduce themselves in their nature and its periphery through generations can exist and function as new species or variant subspecies. In other words, most of the living things involving genes which have undergone some spontaneous mutations cannot exist or function or cannot reproduce themselves. These can be called Living Things' "Natural Selection," "Selection in the Nature," or "Being Selected in the Nature." Because we who are now existing have been selected in the nature, we hardly see the severity of the natural selection. Again, most of the living things involving genes which have undergone some spontaneous mutations cannot exist or function or cannot reproduce themselves. Even if we, human beings, manipulate genes wrongly, as long as the products can undergo some spontaneous mutations and natural selections, they cannot reproduce themselves endlessly and cannot extinguish all of the living things including human beings. However, when they cannot undergo any spontaneous mutations or natural selections, what will happen? This book will answer this question later.
A species can cause some other species by means of some spontaneous mutations and natural selections. This can be called (1) the Species or Living Things' "Evolution" or "Evolving" to the Other Species or Living Things. In addition, a species sometimes causes variant subspecies by means of some spontaneous mutations and natural selections. This can be called (2) the "Intra-Species" Evolution or Evolving in the Species to the Variant Subspecies. In this book, the word of evolution or evolving usually designates (1). (1) can be called Evolution in a Narrow Sense, too.
The evolution in a narrow sense has not continuous but discrete quantity as a property because it is a change from a species to some other species. Even if the evolution to some variant subspecies, that is, intra-species evolution matters, its quantity is represented with the frequency of changes of base sequences, and it is discrete quantity. Being large or small of such quantity of a species' evolution to some other species or some variant subspecies can be called the Former's Evolving "Much or a Little" to the Latter.
By the way as for degeneration, it is probable that some parts of living things and some parts' functions are degenerated, and it is a proper description. For example in human beings, a function of olfactory sensations and an organ of tails are degenerated. In contrast, it is an improper description if it was said that a species is degenerated. Even if a species seems to be suffering senseless pain from a human point of views, as long as the species is adapted to their nature and exists, it is looked upon as having evolved. In such a way, the technical term of evolution does not imply human sense of values.
Because spontaneous mutations are often caused, living things are certain to evolve sooner or later. As long as a species exists for hundreds or thousands of years, that species is sure to evolve in the species, and as long as a species exists for tens or hundreds of thousands of years, that species is sure to evolve to some other species. So are human beings. It is all the more certain if human beings should exist until the natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun.
LIVING THINGS' EVOLUTION AND THEIR NATURE
The evolution of the structures and the functions of living things is usually that new ones are added to old ones. Therefore, the more living things evolve, the more complicated both their structures and functions become. In addition, in order for those added to exist and function, the nature for those added need to exist and function, and in order for evolved living things to exist and function, the nature for those added need to be added to the nature for the living things before that evolution. Therefore, the more living things evolve, the more complicated they become and the more variety their nature has.
In the same way as in "SENSATIONS AND RECOLLECTIONS OF IMAGES―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING MEMORIES," the functions which are premised to cause some things appearing on sensations, which is a kind of mental phenomena, are called Sensations, and the functions not causing any of them are not called Sensations in this book, either. In addition, memories involve recollections of images, which (images) are another kind of mental phenomenon, the functions not involving the recollections of such images are not called Memories in this book, either.
As was explained in "SENSATIONS AND RECOLLECTIONS OF IMAGES―A PSYCHOLOGY OF ANIMALS HAVING MEMORIES," if no sensations had been generated, no memories could have been generated. Every animal having memories has sensations. All the animals having memories have evolved from some animals having sensations and no memories. All the functions like perceptions, associations, feelings, desires, egos, thoughts, and so on involve some recollections of images which are involved in memories. None of those functions could have been generated if no memories had been generated. Every animal having those functions has memories. All the animals having those functions have evolved from some animals having memories and none of those functions. Therefore sensations and the functions which could not be generated without them can be called the "Sensations or More," and the memories and the functions which could not be generated without them can be called the "Memories or More." All the same, even animals having such sensations as were defined above have evolved to a considerable degree and are considerably complicated, and their nature has considerable variety. The nature for the animals having sensations or more has more variety, and that for those having memories or more has still more variety.
The more a species evolves, the more it needs to "Live Close Together With" other various species. For example, human beings need to live close together with various microorganisms, plants, other animals in the mountains, rivers, seas, planes, and towns which have seasons. Crops and domestic animals are looked upon as some of the plants and animals which we live close together with. Getting immunity from weaker bacteria and viruses is looked upon as living close together with them so that we can defend ourselves against stronger ones. By definition, such other various species as a species lives together with are included in that species' nature. Moreover, in order for the other various species as a species lived close together with to exist and function, their nature needs to exist and function. By definition, such various nature for such various other species as a species lives together with are included in that species' nature.
LIVING THINGS' NATURE FOR EVOLUTION
Moreover, a species needs to "struggle with" some other species in order for it not only to exist and function but also to evolve. Moreover, the more a species evolves, the more various species it needs to struggle with. For example, herbivores need to struggle with not only bacteria and viruses but also various herbivores and some carnivores in order to evolve. So that such other various species as a species struggles with can exist and function, the various nature for them needs to exist and function. The other species that a species needs to struggles with in order for it to evolve and their nature can be called the Species or the Living Things' "Nature for Evolution."
From the beginning, in order for a species to evolve, living things need not only to exist and function by themselves but also to reproduce themselves, and the genetic replications, repairs, sexual functions, and so on need to exist and function. By definition, they are included in living things in themselves.
THE NATURE FOR LIVING THINGS' EXISTENCE AND EVOLUTION
Living things' nature overlaps with their nature for evolution. For example, the animals which human beings live together with and those which they struggle with live in the same soil, mountain, grassland, forest, river, lake, sea, or town. A species' nature and its nature for evolution which overlap in this way can be called the Species or the Living Things' "Nature for Existence and Evolution," the Nature for Their Existence and Evolution, or the Nature for Existence and Evolution.
However, because it is certain that spontaneous mutations will be caused sooner or later, it is possible that the living things which do not evolve do not exist and function. Then the nature for evolution is included in the nature. Therefore the nature for existence and evolution will sometimes be called merely the Nature. However, when the nature for evolution needs to be emphasized, the words of the nature for existence and evolutions will be used.
Anyway, the nature for more evolved living things is more various than that for less evolved ones, the nature for the former's evolution is more various than that for the latter's, and the nature for former's existence and evolution is more various than that for the latter's. The nature for animals having memories or more's existence and evolution is more various than that for animals having sensations and no memories'. From the beginning, the nature for animals having sensations or more's is more various than the living things having no sensations'.
EVOLUTION'S QUANTITY AND DIRECTION
When a lot of pieces of evolution are compared, we find that evolution has not only quantity, explained earlier, but also direction as a property. For example, "photosynthesis without sensations or movements (plants) ⇔ sensations and movements without photosynthesis (animals)" are an opposite direction. "having sensations and having no memories→having memories or more" is a quantity toward the same direction. The direction which a species' evolution to some other species has as a property can be represented with some living functions like photosynthesis, sensations, memories, and so on. In addition, being large or small of the quantity toward a certain direction of a species' evolution can be called the Species' Evolving Much or Less to a Certain Direction.
The more a species evolves to a certain direction, the less the possibility that it evolves to the opposite direction become. For example, the possibility that microorganisms evolve to animals is larger than that of plants' doing that. The possibility that microorganisms evolve to plants is larger than that of animals' doing that. It is impossible that angiosperms having photosynthesis evolve to animals having sensations or more. It is impossible that animals having sensations or more evolve to angiosperms.
As is one of the most significant in those books, the possibility that living things having no sensations evolve to animals having sensations is very small. That is because such neuronal systems as cause the sensations as those books define have already been complicated and sophisticated to a great degree.
Compared with those, the possibility that some animals having sensations and no memories evolve to some animals having memories or more is much larger. If the animals having memories or more are extinguished, as long as there exist and function some animals having sensations and no memories and the nature for their existence and evolution, the latter are certain to evolve to the former. The time is no more than a moment when compared with the lifetime of the earth.
MEANS
Human beings make, use, and leave means like tools, houses, clothes, and so on. Means include weapons like swords, bows and arrows, rifles, missiles, and so on. In addition, human beings breed and use or eat domestic animals and crops. Such living things are included in means for human beings. Manipulated genes and genetic means are living things or bogus ones and included in means. The acme of means are Nuclear weapons, immutable gene means, and means causing artificial, drastic changes. In addition, human beings transmit and leave how to make and use means by not only spoken words but also written words, signs, and so on. They are included in means and prompt means to progress. It is not with bare hands or bodies but with such means that human beings destroy themselves, other living things, and their nature and deviate from the cycle of prosperity and decline which will be explained below. While other living things leave almost none but their genes, human beings leave not only their genes but also means.
THE DEVIATION FROM THE CYCLE OF PROSPERITY AND DECLINE
All the same, when the earth or the sun ages or collapses in the natural course, all the living things including human beings on the earth will be extinguished. No living things including human beings can stop such natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun. It is no more than a fiction that some human beings migrate to another planet or a satellite of the solar system or those of another system and survive. If it were possible, we could not recognize that kind of survival as the existence of living things including human beings. That is because such human beings evolve to some directions different from the directions of the evolution of the living things on the earth in the nature different from the nature of the earth or decline.
However, we, human beings, can extinguish all living things including human beings before the natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun. Why?
From the beginning, often, not only human beings but also other living things function to some other living things of the same species or of some other species or their nature, and as a result some of those living things do not exist or do not function or are disordered. This can be called the "Destruction" of the Latter by the Former or the Former's Destroying the Latter. In addition, often, living things function to the same species or some other species' nature, and as a result some parts of that nature do not exist or do not function or are disordered. This can be called the Destruction of the Nature by Living Things or Living Things' Destroying the Nature. Some living things destroy some other living things not only directly but also indirectly by destroying their nature.
From the beginning, any species that has prospered exceedingly destroy that species' nature, some other species, and some other species' nature by that prosperity, and that species is extinguished or declines by the destruction of that species' nature. However, by that extinction, some other species and some other species' nature revive. By that decline, that species' nature revives, and as a result, even that species revive. These can be called the "Cycle of Prosperity and Decline." That is, by this cycle, it never happened that traditional living things extinguished all living things even when they prospered as exceedingly as possible.
In contrast, we, human beings can extinguish all living things by the deviation from the cycle of prosperity and decline. That is because nuclear weapons, immutable gene means, and artificial, drastic changes which will be defined later can destroy living things' genes on the earth in a short time or destroy the earth in itself and because it is possible that they left no room for the revival of any living things.
THE DEVIATION FROM EVOLUTION
The following is much the same as the corresponding part of "EXIXTENCE AND LIBERTY."
The evolution of living things is also a grand try and error. Spontaneous mutation is a try, and the death of those which cannot adapt themselves to the environment in the natural selection is an error. As was explained earlier, the contents including abilities and tendencies of human beings' memories, feelings, desires, egos, thinkings are formed mainly acquiredly and are not inherited or evolved. In contrast, the frames containing those contents are formed innately by genes and are inherited and evolved. For example, while the frames of memories, that is, the neuronal groups generating, memorizing and storing and recollecting images are formed mainly innately by genes and are inherited and evolved, the contents of memories, that is, those images in themselves are acquiredly generated and are not inherited or evolved. Moreover, the contents of civilizations including ideas and thoughts, science and technology, social systems, and arts are not inherited through genes or evolved. In contrast, the frames containing and transmitting them are inherited and evolved. More concretely, autocracy or democracy, capitalism or communism, Ptolemaic theory or Copernican theory, Creationism or Darwinism, and information technology and biological technology are not inherited through genes or evolved. In contrast, the frames like the nervous systems memorizing, and storing them and larynxes, tongues, and mouths, and fingers and hands transmitting them are inherited through genes and evolved.
And those contents produce totally or massively destructive means and becomes unfit for the existence of living things including human beings. However, those contents and the ways to produce or to abolish and prevent totally destructive means are not inherited through genes or evolved. Then the only way for human beings to become fit beings for existence in evolution is for those frames containing those contents to evolve. It takes hundreds or thousands of years for those frames to (intra-specifically) evolve even a little. If it were possible that those frames would evolve (intra-specifically or extra-specifically) in the direction fit for existence, it would take tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of years. It is too unrealistic for anybody to take into account.
From the beginning, in traditional living things, those contents are faint, most things concerning existence can be inherited and evolved, and natural selection, the survival of the fittest, and evolution have been functioning directly to them. In contrast, they function considerably indirectly to human beings. Human beings deviate not only the cycle of prosper and decline explained earlier but also evolution. If evolution is looked upon as a game, human beings ignore its rule, or they play outside its field. Though human beings have been elaborating the theory of evolution since the nineteenth century, have they found that deviation?
Again, those frames are inherited and evolved, and those contents are not. Practically, we cannot change those frames. In other words, it is not entirely impossible that we change their contents. It is not entirely impossible that we change their contents into those which can totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means. These books are no more than those which try to do it.
TOTAL DESTRUCTION
As was explained earlier, the possibility that animals having sensations and having no memories evolve to animals having memories or more is much larger than the possibility that living things having no sensations evolve to animals having sensations. As long as animals having sensations and the nature for their existence and evolution exist and function, they are certain to evolve to animals having memories or more in a short time when compared with the life span of the earth. On the grounds which have been explained from the beginning to here in this book, on the earth until the natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun, that a few species of animals having sensations and having no memories and the nature for their existence and evolution exist and function can be called (Living Things') "Minimum Existence" or Existing Minimum. Again, as long as a few species of animals having sensations and the nature for their existence and evolution exist and function, they are certain to evolve to animals having memories or more in a short time when compared with the life span of the earth.
The nature for a few species of animals having sensations and having no memories' existence and evolution involve various microorganisms, plants, and animals, and so even the minimum existence involves the existence of unexpectedly various living things. Please do not forget this.
Of course, each of us seeks the self's existence, and human beings seek their existence. They rarely seek other living things' existence. All the same, the nature for human beings needs to exist and function in order for them to exist and function, and such nature is considerably various and does include various living things. Human beings' seeking their own existence includes seeking the existence of various living things. Therefore it cannot always be said that human beings' seeking their own existence is their egoism.
On those grounds, on the earth until the natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun, that some species of animals having memories or more including some human beings or evolved human beings and the nature for their existence and evolution exist and function can be called (Living Things') "Various Existence" or "Existing Variously."
In addition, living things' minimum existence or various existence can be called (Living Things' or Our) "Existence" or "Existing."
In contrast, on the earth before the natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun, all the species of animals having sensations or more's stopping existing or functioning can be called (Living Things') "Total Extinction" or Being Totally Extinguished. Living things' total extinction can include the nature for all those species' existence and evolution's stopping existing and functioning.
Out of living things' total extinction, human beings' causing it can be called the "Total Destruction" (of Living Things) (by Human Beings) or (Human Beings') Totally Destroying (Living Things). By definition, such living things as are totally destroyed by human beings include human beings. When this needs to be emphasized, the total destruction of living things by human beings is also called the Total Destruction (of Living Things) "Including Human Being" (by Human Beings) or (Human Beings') Totally Destroying Living Things including Human Being in these books. As will be explained later, nuclear weapons, immutable gene means, and artificial, drastic changes can destroy totally.
The meaning of the words like "mass destruction" is vague and subjective. However, it is more important whether or not it includes total destruction. In these books, the destruction of a lot of human beings, living things, and their nature excluding the total destruction is called a "Massive Destruction" or Destroying Massively. However, when it is necessary to emphasized that it does not include the total destruction, the words Massive Destruction Excluding the Total Destruction are used in these books. In addition, the words like "a Little Destruction," "Destroying a Little," and so on are also vague and subjective, but such words will not imply the total destruction.
MEANS IN A BROAD SENSE
Human beings make and use tools like hoes, plows, pots, clothes, and houses. Tools include arms, weapons, and so on, too. They research, develop, produce, and operate the complicated or massive tools like buildings, roads, cars, ships, airplanes, and so on. They are included in means. Moreover, they intentionally induce the changes of atomic nuclei, and research, develop, hold, and use means causing radiation like nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons. They are included in means, too. In addition, human beings breed or cultivate and use living things like domestic animals, crops, microorganisms, and so on. Moreover, human beings manipulate genes, and research, develop, and use means involving manipulated genes like genetically modified crops and biological weapons. Though they are living things or bogus living things, because human beings somehow manipulate and make use of them, they are included in means in these books. In addition, human beings research the ways of lives and those of making and using tools, and record and transmit those ways by means of spoken words, written words, signs, papers, radio, television, computers, the Internet, and so forth. In addition, human beings constitute and manage large organizations like governments, enterprises, and research institutes. They are all included in means in these books. Human beings, who can totally destroy living things, cannot do so with bare hands or bodies but can do so with such means. Therefore means need to be paid attention to in the first place when it is inquired what causes total or massive destruction.
However, though it is certain that human beings cannot do anything without means, sometimes, it matters more how they behave themselves than which means they use. For example, though extreme, in wars or massacres, they in themselves matter more than whether they use traditional weapons, nuclear weapons, chemical weapons, or biological weapons or whether they block out food and water or leave natural disasters or pandemics. Such human behaviors like wars and massacres are included in means in these books. For example 1, it can be said that wars are totally or massively destructive "means." For example 2, it can be said massacres are massively destructive "means." For example 3, the destruction of the nature is a massively destructive "means." For example 4, it can be said that such manipulation of an asteroid as can change its orbit is a totally destructive "means." After means are defined so, looking through all means (in a broad sense) is enough to inquire what causes total or massive destruction.
TOTALLY DESTRUCTIVE MEANS
When we define what are involved in the total destruction, we need to pay attention to the following.
(1) All the means in a broad sense defined above need to be classified and looked through.
(2) When it is not confirmed that some means cannot cause the total destruction, they need to be included. This is because the total destruction is the most serious for living things including human beings.
(3) Because some means which are similar to some other means can be researched and developed easily from the latter, we need to define them with a large set including similar means. For example, we need to define the means involving some manipulations of atomic nuclei not as atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, or the like but as nuclear weapons including them.
(4) When it is clear that some means cannot cause the total destruction, they need to be clearly excluded. That is because human beings do not function even for the minimum existence of living things when daily desires and lives are restricted too much. For example, we need to exclude the gene therapy which cannot cause total destruction. That is because human beings' desire for life and health is the most compelling.
Therefore we had better define non-totally destructive means and thereafter define totally destructive means. The means which cannot cause the total destruction if any quantity of any subgroups of them are used in any situations can be called "Non-Totally Destructive Means." Thereafter the means which are not non-totally destructive can be called totally destructive means. More simply. the means which it is not certain cannot cause the total destruction can be called "Totally Destructive Means."
Usually, when a certain number(z) or more of some subgroups belonging to totally destructive means are used in some situations, the total destruction is caused. First, the nuclear weapons are totally destructive means. When a certain number (z) or more of hydrogen bombs which is a subgroup of nuclear weapons are, in the chain of retaliation, used in most of the continents and seas on both the hemispheres, by the radiations caused directly and indirectly by them, first, the genes of a lot of living things on land and in the swallow underground and sea will be destroyed or mutated, they will be killed or will suffer from cancer or infertility, and so they will be extinguished. Second, respiration, photosynthesis, and the food chain there will not function, and so all the living things there will be extinguished. Third, the food chain from the land and the swallow underground and sea will not function, and the living things in the deep underground and sea will be extinguished. Finally, the total destruction will be caused. As will be explained later, not only nuclear weapons but also immutable gene means and artificial, drastic changes are totally destructive means.
Even if a kind of means cannot reach a certain number (z) or cause the total destruction at present, they are included in totally destructive means. For example, if most of the nuclear weapons held by three great powers are abolished, nuclear weapons cannot reach the number (z) or cause the total destruction. Nevertheless, nuclear weapons are totally destructive means, and we need to go on abolishing and preventing them totally.
Usually when totally destructive means are used on the conditions other than the above, they can cause not the total but massive destruction. Also for this reason, we need to abolish and prevent totally destructive means.
A certain number (z) fluctuate depending on the situations and the subgroups, the subgroups fluctuate depending on the number (z) and the situations, and the situations fluctuate depending on the number (z) and the subgroups. For example, the number (z) whose situation is that nuclear weapons are used except on the Arctic is larger than the number (z') whose situation is that they are used also on it. In contrast, in immutable gene means and artificial and drastic changes of the earth or the sun which will be explained later, a certain number (z), the distinction among research, development, hold, and use, and that between weapons and the means excluding weapons are much vaguer than in nuclear weapons.
MASSIVELY DESTRUCTIVE MEANS
Out of non-totally destructive means, that is, out of the means which cannot cause the total destruction if any quantity of any subgroups of them are used in any situations, the means which can cause massive destruction can be called "Massively Destructive Means." By definition, massively destructive means cannot cause the total destruction.
Traditional weapons and the war, massacre, and so forth using them are massively destructive means. In addition, the large-scale food shortage, pandemic, the failure to minimize the damage from natural disasters and so forth caused by misgovernment is massively destructive means. In addition, the destruction (without totally destructive means) of the nature and the industry and the science and technology causing it are massively destructive means. It may be unexpected that the destruction of the nature is not a totally but massively destructive means. Even when the destruction of the nature goes vigorous at most, as long as it does not accompany totally destructive means, it destroys only part of living things including human beings and their nature, human beings will only decline and will not go extinct, and some living things including human beings and their nature will be revived. That is, while totally destructive means deviate from the cycle of prosperity and decline explained earlier, massively destructive means including the destruction of the nature do not.
Thus totally destructive means can also be defined as the means deviating from the cycle of prosper and decline, and non totally destructive means can also be defined as the means not deviating from it.
Human beings' restraining the massive destruction and consumption of the nature by restricting the human functions, more concretely, preserving the environment and preserving and making good use of natural resources can be called (Human Beings') "Preservation of the Nature" or Preserving the Nature. It is important. All the same, when compared with the abolition and prevention of totally destructive means, we need to give priority to the latter. It is not at all that the former can be ignored. It is no more than that the latter needs to be given priority.
There is a paradoxical massive destructive means. They are medical care and welfare. They let sick and weak individuals survive and leave their offspring. As a result, it is certain that human beings will evolve in the direction of sickness and weakness where they cannot survive without them. If medical care and welfare should collapse, a lot of individuals cannot survive. All the same, it is not totally destructive means but massive ones. That is because there will remain a few individuals who are not sick or weak and because they will survive and leave their offspring.
In addition, human desire to be in good health and to live long and for their families and friends to live long in good health is pressing. We had better not restrain such desire. If medical care and welfare were totally destructive means, we could not help restraining they, but they are massively destructive means as long as they accompany immutable gene means, and we do not need to restrain it intensively.
PRE-TOTALLY DESTRUCTIVE MEANS
The means which are themselves not totally destructive means and which, however, can cause some research and development of totally destructive means can be called "Pre-Totally Destructive Means." For example, atomic bombs and nuclear power plants are pre-totally destructive means. If the atomic bombs had not been researched, developed, held, or used in the middle of the twentieth century, no hydrogen bombs would have been researched, developed, or hold as early as in years.
All the same, more or less indirectly, human beings make and use some means, can cause the total or massive destruction, and so it turns out that the genesis of human beings was wrong. For example, if atomic bombs had not been researched, developed, held, or used in World War Ⅱ, the Cold War would have made atomic bombs, hydrogen ones, or the like researched, developed, and hold. Most cause and effect is an indirect connection. Therefore the definition of pre-totally destructive means is itself indefinite and a kind of hindsight. All the same, by the very kind of hindsight, we can grasp the outlines of the things which can cause the total destruction. As will be explained later, those outlines are the manipulations of atomic nuclei, genes, and asteroids. Again, those will be closely explained later. All the same, before that close explanation, we say that the means involving those manipulations and excluding totally destructive means can be called Pre-Totally Destructive Means. When they have been defined so, the atomic bombs and nuclear power plant are, all the more, pre-totally destructive means.
It is one of the most necessary for human beings to research and foresee the possibility of pre-totally destructive means' causing the research and development of some totally destructive means and to prevent the latter from being researched and developed in the stage of the former. For example, we need to prevent immutable gene means from being researched and developed in the stage of mutable gene means which will be explained later. All the same, of course, it is the most necessary for us to abolish the totally destructive means which have already been researched, developed, and held.
NECESSITY OF TOTAL ABOLITION AND PREVENTION OF TOTALLY DESTRUCTIVE MEANS
The following are the reasons why the abolition and prevention of totally destructive means need to be done not partially but totally.
Usually, when a certain number (z) or more of some subgroups of totally destructive means are used in some situations, the total destruction is caused. In order that the total destruction can be prevented, it seems that those subgroups of totally destructive means need to be cut to less than the number (z) corresponding to the worst situations.
However, it is hard for the governments or armed forces of some states or nations to go on abolishing or preventing their totally destructive means while those of some others go on researching, developing, or holding theirs.
In addition, from now on, some powers other than governments or armed forces can take advantage of the information or materials leaked from them and research, develop, hold, and use some totally destructive means.
In addition, some outsiders can intrude through computers, the Internet, and so forth into some totally destructive means held by some governments or armed forces and can manipulate and drive them wildly.
In addition, some insiders who are actually outsiders or some insiders who lost the ability to control them can manipulate totally destructive means and can drive them wildly.
In addition, there can be some aging, break down, accidents through natural disasters, and so on of totally destructive means which human reason cannot foresee or control, and they can run wild. For example, it is a wonder that the nuclear weapons which were designed and produced fifty years ago do not break down or go wild, isn't it?
What is called "deterrence theory" can function for tens or hundreds of years, but they cannot functions hundreds or more of years. That is because, in such long time, some insiders lose the ability to control them in some mental conditions, because some outsiders or insiders who are actually outsiders invade them and let them run wild, and because some accidents which human reasons cannot reach can occur. For example, nuclear weapons survived only tens of years of the Cold War and its aftermath. Only tens or hundreds of years of survival never confirms deterrence theory.
In addition, in immutable gene means which will be explained later, a certain number (z) and the difference between research, development, hold, and use, and that between weapons and means excluding weapons are vague or nearly zero ones. If a few holders of powers should use a few of them, they could cause the total destruction.
Including those cases, even if the probability that human beings cause the total destruction by using the totally destructive means in a year is 0.001 (0.1%), that in 100 years is about 0.1(10%) as a result of 1-(1-0.001)^100, and that in 1,000 years is about 0.63 (63%) as a result of 1-(1-0.001)^1000.
In addition, if only a few of totally destructive means should be used, they would cause massive destruction, kill a lot of human beings, and cause a lot of pain. In addition, even if they are not used, they cause much mental pain like anxiety and fear.
It seems that many living things can exist if human beings are extinguished before they use totally destructive means. All the same, even if human beings are extinguished, if the totally destructive means are left, it is possible that they run wild spontaneously, and that they cause the total destruction. Simply, human beings should not be extinguished till they abolish totally destructive means which they have developed and held.
In addition, human beings struggle for existence the most fiercely of all the living things. The more they struggle, the more they struggle among themselves, and the more the possibility of their using totally destructive means and causing the total destruction goes.
However, the greatest reason why totally destructive means should be totally abolished and prevented has already been explained in "EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY." It will be extracted from it.
...it cannot be foreseen what intentional functions they cause with what emotions, egos, or thinkings. They may go into a depressive state, a manic state, a hallucinatory and delusional state, drug withdrawal, or the like. All the same, even without such mental states in mental disorders, the following may take place.
For example, when a person with an intense tendency to control anything, desire to make the self eternal, and desire for powers hold political powers including public armed force including totally destructive means and when his or her political powers are in danger by a war or the movement toward a revolution, he or she may go underground into a shelter, use totally destructive means onto the earth, extinguish the human beings on the earth, and thereafter try to return onto and control the earth. In addition, because the use of totally destructive means contaminates a lot of resources and leaves radioactivity for generations on the earth, he or she may limitingly use nuclear weapons, widely use immutable gene means, extinguish those on the earth, and try to return onto the earth after the danger of infection have gone. Moreover, in the autocrats over the world, such egos as follows are functioning. They may think the following not consciously but unconsciously. They may agree about the following not publicly but in the dark. They may say to themselves, "We induce another autocrat to use totally destructive means and make he or she a villain. We escape underground into shelters just before that. We return onto and control the earth after the human beings on the earth are extinguished. The population is dramatically decreased only with those who escaped underground alive. The environment and resources revive soon and hardly deteriorate. Thus we do not need to fight one another. Simultaneously, we do not need to cooperate with one another. Thus we can rule the earth freely. This is the very paradise." Again, those are thought unconsciously and agreed in the dark.
The above is only an example. It is impossible to foresee what intentional functions human beings, when they acquire powers, cause with what emotions, egos, and thinkings and in what way they use totally destructive means. Somebody might say, "It is common for those who acquired powers to oppress and slaughter the people, go to great war, and so on." However, it could be said in the age when there was little science and technology and when there were no totally destructive means or sophisticated shelters. In modern times, it cannot be foreseen what the holders of powers will carry out while abusing science and technology, above all, totally destructive means or sophisticated shelters. All that citizens can do is democratize and separate powers and totally abolish and completely prevent totally destructive means. The abolition of totally destructive means need to be total abolition including those on the earth, underground, underwater, and in the space and those which public and private powers can acquire. Otherwise, the existence of living things including human beings cannot in the least be secured...
On those grounds, human beings need to abolish and prevent all of the totally destructive means on the earth that public and private powers, and, insiders and outsiders research, develop, hold, and use and need to prevent totally destructive means in the stage of pre-totally destructive means so that living things can exist minimum. Therefore human beings' abolishing and preventing all of the totally destructive means on the earth that the public and private powers, and insiders and outsiders research, develop, hold, and use and preventing totally destructive means in the stage of pre-totally destructive means can be called the "Total Abolition and Prevention of Totally Destructive Means" by human beings or human beings' "Totally Abolishing and Preventing Totally Destructive Means."
Moreover, it is possible that only human beings or evolved human beings can cause the total destruction on the earth. As long as human beings totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means, living things will exist minimum. All that human beings need to do is totally abolish and prevent them for living things to exist minimum. Therefore the total abolition and prevention of totally destructive means is also called the "Security of Minimum Existence" of living things by human beings or human beings' Securing the Minimum Existence of living things in these books.
In addition, human beings' totally abolishing and preventing not only totally destructive means but also massively destructive means including pre-totally destructive means can be called the "Security of Various Existence" of living things by human beings or human beings' Securing the Various Existence of living things.
In addition, the minimum security of living things or the security of the existence of various living things can be called the "Security of the Existence" of living things by human beings or human beings' "Securing the Existence" of living things.
ABOLITION AND PREVENTION OF PRE-TOTALLY DESTRUCTIVE MEANS
As was explained earlier, the means which are themselves not a totally destructive means and which, all the same, can cause the research and development of some totally destructive means, that is, the means involving the manipulations of atomic nuclei, genes, and asteroids and excluding totally destructive means can be called a Pre-Totally Destructive Means. One of the most important is that human beings research and foresee the possibility of pre-totally destructive means' causing totally destructive ones and that they prevent the latter from being researched or developed in the stage of the former.
All the same, even if scientists and technologist do this, it is probable that the holders of political and economic powers force or lure them to research and develop totally destructive means. Therefore, in the stage of pre-totally destructive means, we need to outlaw and regulate the behaviors of public and private groups and individuals causing the research, development, and production of totally destructive means. If we do not have the confidence to do this, we should totally abolish and prevent not only totally destructive ones but also pre-totally destructive means.
THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF HORIZONTAL DIVISION BETWEEN THE WORLD POWER HOLDERS AND THE WORLD CITIZENS AND SELECTIVE DESTRUCTIVE MEANS-SMAD-ALIENATING POWERS-MUTUALLY REVEALING POWERS
The following explanation is the same as that of "EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY."
The words of "mutual assured destruction (MAD)," "deterrence theory," and the like prevailed in the "Cold War" in the twentieth century. Their point is that if several super powers could destroy one another with nuclear weapons, which were the only totally destructive means at that time, they would not attack one another and world wars could be prevented. Such ideas are lumped together by the words of "Mutual Assured Deterrence (MAD)" in these books. It is partially true that MAD prevented the Cold War from becoming hot war or world war.
The core of military strategies after the Cold War is not completely destroying opponents' offensive and defensive forces. Though the possibility of opponents' retaliation against aggression would disappear if they were completely destroyed, it is absolutely impossible. This is because there can remain some destructive means underground or undersea or, above all, in the space. In addition, it is impossible to construct such defensive systems as are able to block opponents' offensive forces completely. The core of the military starategies after the cold war are all no more than "deterring", simply, threatening opponents. The question is what we need to deter.
Science and technology, above all, information technology is progressing far beyond that in the age of the Cold War, and weapons are coming to be able to destroy only the keystones of opponents' governments and military forces accurately and selectively. In contrast to indiscriminately destructive means like totally or massively destructive means, the means which can destroy only the keystones of opponents' governments and military forces accurately and selectively can be called "Selective Destructive Means." They include new missiles carrying old bombs, artificial satellite or spaceship in the space and minute drones on the earth. They can be reconnaissance means or offensive, or defensive means. The government and the military of each state are coming to be able to destroy only the key stones of opponents' governments and military forces accurately and selectively with selective destructive means.
It is, of course, their own life that the holders of state powers including those who have the command of the military cherish the most eagerly and try to protect the most desperately. What they do so the second most is the powers which they have acquired, and they include not only weapons and military facilities but also the symbols of powers like the main buildings of the administrative power and the legislative power, and the military and the police. They are more vital for them than citizens' life. For this very reason, the effect of deterring the keystones of governments and military forces including those who have the command of military forces is enormous. In contrast, it is of no effect to deter general citizens, who have no command of military forces. In order for us to deter invasion, preemptive strike, war, and so forth, it is not general citizens but the keystones of governments and military forces including commanders of military forces that we need to deter. With using selective destructive means and without involving general citizens, that governments and military forces of some countries deter one another can be called "Selective Mutual Assured Deterrence (SMAD)," and if it goes beyond the stage of deterrence, it can be called Selective Mutual Assured "Destrictoon" (SMAD). If the latter should be caused, all that are sacrificed are the holders of powers. All that we need is SMAD in order to deter invasion, preemptive strike, war, and so forth. With selective destructive means, even small countries can deter superpowers, and, of course, a superpower can deter superpowers. With selective destructive means, a country can deter even alliances, and, of course, an alliance can deter alliances. Not only general citizens but also governments and military forces on the earth cannot help admitting that SMAD is an effective strategy. From now on, they need to concentrate on the development and production of not indiscriminately destructive means but selective destructive means. In addition, those whose positions can influence the policies and strategies of governments and military forces need to lead them, with saying, for example,"You can accomplish your purpose by destroying the main facilities and key persons of the enemy governments and military forces with selective destructive means. If you used totally destructive means, the resources which you want would be contaminated."
From the beginning, international laws and the constitution and laws of each state need to prohibit the research, development, production, hold, and use of indiscriminately destructive means including totally destructive means by the human beings inside and outside public and private powers in the world. However, they were not prohibited. That was because there was no science or technology with which we could develop and produce selective destructive means. In modern times and the future when there was such science and technology, indiscriminately destructive means will be prohibited. They are no more than a relic of the past when there was no such science or technology.
Moreover, in order to refine the selectivity of selective destructive means, and to totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means while preventing great wars, general citizens in the world need to behave themselves as follows.
In contrast to the structure and dynamics of the vertical division between states or nations in international society, the "Structure (and Dynamics) of the Horizontal Division (between the World Power Holders and the World Citizens in the World)" can exist and function. In the human history, some anti-government forces in some countries cooperated with one another in order to throw out despotism and bring about some kinds of revolutions or to gain independence from suzerains. Those were examples of that structure and dynamics of horizontal division. From now on, such structure and dynamics will be necessary in order to totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means and to prevent world wars.
First, we need to unfold campaigns for citizens not to live near major facilities of governments and military forces. These campaigns can be called the "Alienation of Powers" or Alienating Powers. If it is unfolded on global scale, the selectivity of selective destructive means and SMAD explained above gets larger, and the possibility gets larger that the holders of powers destroy one another in general wars and that wars come over without sacrificing general citizens. In addition, the necessity and possibility get smaller that totally or massively destructive means are used. The alienation of powers do not prepare for the case that totally destructive means are used. If they should be used, it is no use for general citizens to be anywhere on the earth. The alienation of powers is a means which heighten the selectivity of selective destructive meas and SMAD and which reduce the necessity and possibility of the development, hold, or use of totally or massively destructive means and general wars. Even after totally destructive means are abolished and even while they are prevented, the alienation of powers needs to be maintained in order to prevent the use of massively destructive means and general wars.
In addition, not only does the lower part of that structure and dynamics of the horizontal division carry out that alienation as anti-totally-destructive-means or anti-war movements, but also the following is necessary with that division surpassed. It is necessary that the facility where, at least, the civil officers controlling the military and the top of the military conduct their duties be opened to the public, that, when they move inside or outside borders for the sake of inspection, diplomacy, or the like, their courses be opened to the public, that, when they evacuate or deviate from them, above all, evacuate into shelters, or hide themselves in the midst of general citizens, they be looked upon as abandoners of their positions and be replaced, and that those need to be provided in the constitution and law and to be enforced. In addition, it is necessary that if the main facilities of governments and military forces are transfered, the cost of the movement of the residents around be compensated, at least, partly.
In addition, in order to make selective destructive means and SMAD more selective, citizens, anti-government forces, covert defectors in the government and the military in each state in the world need actively to mutually reveal the information concerning the government and the military of their own country to the other countries. This can be called "Mutually Revealing Powers." With it, the major facilities of the government and the military of each country can be destroyed more accurately and selectively. This can be said to be the acme of the structure and dynamics of the horizontal division between the world power holders and the citizens in the world. All the more for it, those inside and outside powers who expose them will be harshly accused and punished as "traitors." However, when internatinal laws, and the constitution and laws of each state are revised in the following way, they will not.
From the beginning, again, international laws and the constitution and laws of each state need to prohibit the research, development, production, hold, and use of indiscriminately destructive means including totally destructive means by the human beings inside and outside public and private powers in the world. In addition, they recommend the exposure of them by human beings inside and outside public and private powers. In contrast, what about selective destructive means explained above? Everything concerning them seems to be what is called "state secret." However, what is called secret is secret because some keystones or somebody knows its whole completely, and it never becomes secret if no keystones or nobody know it. Selective destructive means for SMAD need to exist and function in undetectable places and those places need to change constantly and randomly. It is impossible and unnecessary for any keystones or anybody to know and leak whereabouts, which constantly change, of the selective destructive means of a state. This is because it takes more than tenths of a second to send the information concerning their whereabout and because that whereabout has changed in such time. When we look over things in such a way, we find that there is no such thing as truly serious state secret. In addition, exposing everything concerning public powers including state powers are the liberal right which should not and need not be restricted for anything. Therefore it is not only necessary but also possible that exposing everything concerning public powers including weapons and military tactics and strategy is protected on the basis of that unristricted liberal right by the constitution and laws of each state and international laws. Then it is accusing and punishing such exposure as treachery that is looked upon as unconstitutional and illegal and treacherous.
Moreover, in the mixture of the structure and dynamics of horizontal division and those of vertical divisions, the following becomes possible. The citizens in a state (A) who suffer autocracy will have another state (B) where democratic and separative systems are established topple their autocratic government. In this case, the citizens in A can carry out alienating powers in A and revealing powers unilaterally from A to B. In addition, they will have the state power of B destroy the autocratic government of A with selective destructive means. However, only in this case, if it should become SMAD and if the state power of B should be destroyed, the citizens of both A and B would be in trouble. If A's citizens and B's government and military cooperate very closely, it may be possible that only the keystone of A's government and military is destroyed and that they democratize and separate A.
Anyway, the selectivity of selective destructive means and SMAD is increased by alienating powers and mutually revealing powers. They overlap. Those overlapping can be called "Selective Destructive Means-SMAD-Alienating Powers-Mutually Revealing Powers." For world citizens, it is sacrificing the holders of powers alone at the worst without sacrificing them. Simply, it is that world citizens teach the world holders of powers, "If you must destroy anything, all you need to destroy are powers." Howevr, because it effectively prevents the aggression from other countries to theirs, it is an effective strategy even for the holders of powers. Defense costs, too, can be cut down. It decreases the necessity and possibility of world wars and totally destructive means from both sides of power holders and citizens. In this very structure and dyamics, that of the horizontal division between world power holders and world citizens exists and functions.
Since the formation of modern nations, most bloody events like autocracy, totalitarianism, massacres, wars, the crisis of the use of totally destructive means and the danger of the extinction of living things including human beings have been caused in the vertical division between states. One of the bloody events which can be caused in the horizontal division is the above sacrifice of the holders of powers. All that remains of them is the world revolution. In order to make that revolution a bloodless revolution, we need to fill powers with potent intra-power covert defectors.
PILING UP UNILATERAL ABOLITIONS
The following explanation is also the same as that of "EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY."
The twentieth century often witnessed the weakness and reduction to mere formalities of international organizations. If international organizations are necessary for the total abolition and prevention of totally destructive means, initially, we need to establish those whose purpose is limited to that abolition and prevention. That is because if an extensive international organization whose purpose include collective security, general disarmament including the abolition and prevention of totally destructive means, the protection and security of liberal rights and social rights of the world citizens, and so on, the total abolition prevention of totally destructive means also fails by the organization's failure or reduction to mere formalities.
Anyway, it seems that some international negotiations, conferences, charters, or organizations are essential in order to totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means. Is it true? The mutual abolition and prevention of something through some international agreements can be called "Mutual Abolition." The voluntary and unilateral abolition and prevention of something by each state can be called "Unilateral Abolition" or One-Way Abolition. They can be distinguished.
With selective destructive means-SMAD-alienating powers-mutually revealing powers explained in the above charer, totally destructive means are unnecessary things. Moreover, they are not only unnecessary things but also burdens which need enormous costs and human powers to maintain. In addition, if we are careless even a little, they lead to, if not total, massive destruction. We had better abolish such things unilaterally at once. As for national defense, it is more effective to reinforce selective destructive means explained earlier than to reinforce indiscriminately destructive means like totally or massively destructive means. It is possible that lesser powers also hold selective destructive means, that with them, they destroy the keystone of the government and the military of a major power, and that even the former deter the latter. The state powers which held totally destructive means cannot help mocking their past policies and strategies. Totally or massive destructive means are no more than things of the past, everybody had better abolish them unilaterally. Piling up such unilateral abolition through selective destructive means-SMAD-alienating powers-mutually revealing powers is the decisive way to totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means.
The following promotes piling up unilateral abolition.
(1) The structure and dynamics of the horizontal division between world power holders and world citizens gets mature, and in its lower part, world citizens trust one another.
(2) In the structure and dynamics of the vertical division, the citizens of each state democratize and separate the state power.
(3) In the upper part of the structure and dynamics of the horizontal division, the holders of the state power of each state who are elected in (2), at least, do not distrust one another.
To be sure, (1)(2)(3) promote piling up unilateral abolition. All the same, they are not essential but helpful. It is for its own interests that each state unilaterally abolishes totally destructive means, and such emotion as trust is not essential. Not mutually but separately piling up unilateral abolition through selective destructive means-SMAD-alienating powers-mutually revealing powers is the decisive way to totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means.
PRIORITY
The above are divided into the following Group (A), Group (B), Group (C), and Group (D):
Group (A): minimum existence, total extinction, the total destruction, totally destructive means, total abolition and prevention of totally destructive means, security of minimum existence;
Group (B): pre-totally destructive means, the prevention of totally destructive means in the stage of pre-totally destructive means, the abolition and prevention of pre-totally destructive means;
Group (C): various existence, massive destruction, massively destructive means, abolition and prevention of massively destructive means, security of various existence;
Group (D): a little destruction, less destructive means;
Though every group needs to be given priority to, (A) needs to be given priority to when compared with (B), (C), and (D). For example, the total abolition and prevention of nuclear weapons needs to be given priority to when compared with the abolition of nuclear power plants. Not that the latter may be neglected, but that the former need to be given priority to when compared with the latter. In addition, (A) and (B) need to be given priority to when compared with (C) and (D). For example, the total abolition of nuclear weapons and nuclear power plants needs to be given priority to when compared with the preservation of the nature. Not that the latter may be neglected, but that the former need to be given priority to when compared with the latter.
First, we, human beings, need to totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means. Second, we need to prevent pre-totally destructive means from leading to totally destructive means in the stage of pre-totally destructive means or, if we cannot do it, to totally abolish and prevent pre-totally destructive means, too. Third, we need to restrain or abolish and prevent massively destructive means.
IMPORTANCE OF DISTINCTION
In other words, we need to clearly distinguish totally, pre-totally, massively, and less destructive means, and the farther we go down from the first to the fourth, that is, the less destructive the means are, the less strictly we need to restrain them. That is because the more the less destructive means are restrained, the more human daily lives are restricted, the less human daily desires are satisfied, and the less human beings function for the total abolition and prevention of totally destructive means. Little or no restriction needs to be imposed on human daily desires and lives.
Above all, the human daily desires to want to live long and to be in good health and to want their families, friends, and so on to live long in good health are serious, and little or no restriction should be imposed on the science and technology and welfare for the sake of human life and health. Later in this book, out of genetic manipulations, which can cause the total destruction and which cannot cause it and can be applied to medicine will be distinguished.
In addition, it is probable that the holders of political and economic powers make some false totally destructive means seem to be true ones and attract citizens' concerns and activities to false ones in order to obscure the research, development, and hold of true ones, and run wildly to autocracy, totalitarianism, war, and so forth. For example, it is probable that a complex of governments and enterprises make the false totally destructive means of the destruction of the nature seem to be too serious and make citizens preserve the nature in order to obscure the research, development, and hold of totally destructive means. It is also a cost reduction for governments and enterprises to make citizens preserve the nature. Also in order to prevent such deception, we need to clearly distinguish totally, pre-totally, massively and less destructive means.
Haven't most of us given up the total abolition and prevention of totally destructive means as impossible? It is considerably difficult but not impossible from the beginning. Even that difficulty will be reduced by the decisive way explained earlier. Also in order for us to consider this, these books will clearly distinguish the above.
DISTINCTION OF MEANS
Now, let us distinguish totally, pre-totally, massively, and less destructive means. Means are divided into the following (O)(P)(Q)(R0)(R1)(R2).
(O)Instrumental Means
The means which do not involve any gunpowder, engines, electricity, synthetic chemicals, changes of nuclei induced intentionally by human beings, or genes manipulated by human beings can be called "Instrumental Means." Wooden tools, stone implements, earthenwares, the fire caused by human beings, spoken words, clothes, houses, villages, agriculture, livestock farming, fish farming, the food produced by them, written words, towns, roads, carriages, sailboats, swords, spears, bows and arrows, and so on are instrumental means.
(P)Mechanical Means
The means which involves gunpowder, engines, electricity, or synthetic chemicals and which do not involve any changes of nuclei induced intentionally by human beings or genes manipulated by human beings can be called "Mechanical Means." Industry, factories, cities, buildings, pavements, cars, railroads, trains, steamships, airplanes, telephone, radio, television, computers, information networks, guns, cannons, bombs, and so on are mechanical means.
(Q)Nuclear Means
That human beings intentionally induce the changes of atomic nuclei like nuclear fission or fusion can be called their "Manipulation of (Atomic) Nuclei," "Nuclear Manipulation or Manipulating (Atomic) Nuclei. The means which involves the changes of some atomic nuclei intentionally induced by human beings can be called "Nuclear Means." Atomic bombs in the middle of the twentieth century, hydrogen bombs thereafter, nuclear power plants, and so on are nuclear means.
The changes of atomic nuclei often occur in the space and also in the earth. In contrast, the means which involve the changes of the atomic nuclei intentionally induced by human beings are nuclear means. For example, though all isotopes diffuse and none of them concentrate in the nature of the present earth, some human beings concentrate uranium-235 with such centrifuges as are not found in common laboratories, and induce the nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms by the energy caused by the nuclear fission of uranium atoms. This is a sample of nuclear manipulation.
The means which involve some radiations and do not involve any fresh nuclear changes intentionally induced by human beings when used are not included in the (Q)nuclear means but included in the (P)mechanical means in these books. Human beings recycle various kinds of materials, and recycle also the secondary products of nuclear means. As long as such recycled products involve no fresh nuclear changes intentionally induced by human beings when used, they are not included in the (Q)nuclear means but included in the (P)mechanical means in these books. Then medical radiation equipments for both treatment and test are included not in nuclear means but in mechanical means.
(R)Gene Means
The direct and minimum functions of genes are (1) to replicate themselves and (2) to synthesize proteins. Genes cause various indirect functions by those direct functions. There are some genes which even make some other genes cause some functions or dysfunctions by activating or inactivating them. Those indirect functions and those which are caused by other genes are included in the functions of genes in these books. Strictly, the genes which lack (1) cannot be called Gene. However, those which themselves lack (1) can be replicated by some other genes' functions. Such are included in genes in these books. In addition, strictly, the words like "genes and their functions," "genes having the abilities to cause functions," "genes which are not irreversibly inactivated," or the like need to be used. However, if such words were always used, sentences would be complicated. Therefore the word of "genes" imply them in these books.
Human beings' inducing some changes of genes can be called their "Manipulation of Genes," Gene Manipulation, Genetic Manipulation, or Manipulating Genes. Those changes include not only changing base sequences of genes but also extracting the wholes or parts of genes, replicating them, recombining them with those of some other living things, injecting them into some other living things, activating or inactivating some parts of genes reversibly or irreversibly, and so on. In addition, they include not only changing base sequences but also changing bases in themselves or the chains binding them.
The genes manipulated by human beings can be called "Manipulated Genes." In contrast, the genes which are not manipulated by human beings can be called particularly "Unmanipulated Genes" or "Natural Genes" or merely "Genes." Manipulated genes in themselves, the living things some of whose genes are manipulated, the living things involving manipulated genes somehow, and the means involving manipulated genes somehow can be called "Gene Means" or Genetic Means. Thus the living things whose genes have been manipulated can be said to be no more than human beings' means.
There can be various ways for gene means to cause functions in question. The following may be no more than a few examples: (1) a gene means consists only of manipulated genes and exerts the functions in question by itself; (2) a gene means involve manipulated genes and other components, and (2-1) the manipulated genes cause the functions in question, (2-2) those other components do it, or (2-3) the gene means as a whole does it; (3) the whole or part of the manipulated genes of a gene means are recombined with the genes of some other living things or means, and thereafter (3-1) the former causes the functions in question, (3-2) the latter do it, or (3-3) the both do it; (4) the whole or part of a gene means is incorporated into other living things, thereafter activate or inactivate some genes of the latter, and make the latter cause functions in question.
In addition, there can be various ways for gene means to be reproduced, too. The following, too, may be no more than a few examples: (a) the manipulated genes of a gene means replicate themselves and that gene means reproduce itself; (b) the manipulated genes of a gene means are recombined with the genes of some other living things and are replicated when those others genes replicate themselves, and sooner or later thereafter (b-1) those gene means replaces those other living things and reproduce themselves or (b-2) those other living things which have incorporated the functions of those gene means, that is, which are mutated reproduce themselves.
From the point of view of the existence of living things including human beings, gene means can be classified in the following ways.
(R0)Irreplicable Gene Means
Out of manipulated genes, the genes which cannot be replicated in any ways can be called "Irreplicable Genes." The gene means which involve only irreplicable genes out of genes or which cannot reproduce themselves even if they involve other genes can be called "Irreplicable Gene Means." Irreplicable gene means cannot reproduce themselves.
In contrast, out of manipulated genes, the genes which can be replicated in some ways can be called "Replicable Genes," and the genetic means which involve some replicable genes or which can be reproduced some how even if they do not involve replicable genes can be called "Replicable Gene Means."
(R1)Mutable Gene Means
Out of replicable genes, the manipulated genes where nothing other than base sequence is changed and which are certain to undergo some spontaneous mutations can be called "Mutable Genes." The gene means which involve, out of replicable genes, only mutable genes can be called "Mutable Gene Means." Because mutable gene means involve no genes other than mutable genes, which can undergo some spontaneous mutations, are selected in the nature sooner or later.
(R2)Immutable Gene Means
All unmanipulated genes can undergo spontaneous mutations. If there were genes which cannot undergo spontaneous mutations, they could be nothing more than manipulated genes. Out of (manipulated) replicable genes, those where something other than base sequence is changed or which are not certain to undergo any spontaneous mutations can be called "Immutable Genes." The genetic means which involve some immutable genes can be called "Immutable gene means."
Mutable gene means and immutable gene means will be explained while contrasted.
The genes where only base sequence have changed or have been changed are certain to undergo some spontaneous mutations, the living things or means involving no genes other than such genes are certain to be selected in the nature. In contrast, the genes where something other than base sequence is changed are not certain to undergo any spontaneous mutations, and it is possible that the means containing such genes are not selected in the nature. Even if human beings do not manipulate genes, under natural conditions, the changes of base sequences in genes often occur in all living things. These are spontaneous mutations.
Moreover, the changes of certain kinds of bases themselves and certain chains themselves often occur in all living things. All the same, the materials which have been changed in such a way do not exist and function as genes or parts of living things, and are resolved, captured by immunity, or discharged from living things. All the same, it is in natural conditions that they are disposed of in such ways. It is possible that they are not disposed of if human beings add some ingenuity to them.
Moreover, even if nothing other than base sequence in genes is changed, if human beings add some materials which affect genes from outside genes, it is possible that those genes do not undergo spontaneous mutations. Therefore the writers of this book needed to add the possibility of undergoing spontaneous mutation in itself to the definition of immutable genes.
(S)Artificial, Drastic Change
Aside from the above, it is possible that human beings cause what is like the natural, drastic change, and we need to look through the space and the earth's crust. That is because human beings is causing their drastic change.
Out of (O)-(S), (O) began with the genesis of the human beings, the weapons in (P) began with the development of gunpowder, the others in (P) began with the rapid progress of sciences and technology and the Industrial Revolution, (Q) began in the first half of the twentieth century, (R0)(R1)(S) began in the latter half of the twentieth century, and the beginning of (R2) is unknown, but it is no wonder that it takes place anytime after 2000.
(W)Weapons
The means which human being make and use in order to kill, wound, or destroy human beings or their means can be called "Weapons," Arms, or the like. Though weapons are made and used in order to destroy human beings and their means, as a result, they destroy some other living thins and the nature for human being and other living things and sometimes enlarge and deepen massive destructions or the total destruction. The above (O)-(R2) include the following (O-W)-(R2-W) respectively. Some examples will be enumerated.
(O-W)Instrumental Weapons
swords, spears, bows and arrows, and so on
(P-W)Mechanical Weapons
Guns, cannons, bombs, tanks, warships, fighter planes, and so on
(Q-W)Nuclear Weapons
The atomic bombs in the middle of the twentieth century, the hydrogen bombs thereafter, the missiles carrying them, terrors using them, and so on
(R-W)Gene Weapons
Bacteria or viruses whose genes are manipulated and whose infectivity and toxicity are gained, the missiles carrying them, terrors using them, and so on
(RO-W)Irreplicable Gene Weapons
(R1-W)Mutable Gene Weapons
(R2-W)Immutable Gene Weapons
Some will be supplemented.
The means which involve some radiations and do not involve any nuclear changes when used are not included in (Q) nuclear means but included in (P) mechanical means in these books. For example, a medical equipment which contains some radioactive materials which were produced in the manufacturing process of some nuclear weapons or in a nuclear power plant is a mechanical means.
In contrast, the means which do not involve any genetic changes when used but contain some manipulated genes are included in gene means in these books. For example, the weapons containing viruses whose genes were manipulated months ago are gene weapons.
Chemical weapons are included in mechanical weapons. Alleged chemical weapons involving nuclear changes or manipulated genes are, of course, included in nuclear or genetic weapons.
Viruses and bacteria which have been cultivated and selected by human beings but whose genes have not been manipulated are not so different from natural ones. Therefore the biological weapons which involve no manipulated genes are included in (P-W) mechanical weapons in these books.
If what could be called "Geological Weapons" should be developed and if they should try to destroy the earth's crust at a lot of points by nuclear means or weapons, such could be included in nuclear weapons. Otherwise, they could be included in the artificial, drastic change.
Carriers like missiles, some viruses, and so forth are classified according to their contents. For example, the missiles carrying some nuclear weapons are included in nuclear weapons, the viruses carrying some manipulated genes are included in genetic means or weapons. By the way, the missiles carrying some conventional weapons or nothing are included in mechanical weapons.
The means which can be said to be the products of information technology like computers, the internet, the artificial intelligence, and robots are included in a group according to the objects manipulated by them. For example, if the missiles carrying nuclear weapons should be shot by an intrusion into a military facility, the means which are required for that intrusion are included in nuclear weapons, and if manipulated viruses should be released through an intrusion into a research institute, the means which are required for that intrusion are included in gene weapons. They are included in manipulations by outsiders, too, which will be explained below.
From now on, some outsiders or insiders who are actually outsiders can intrude with the means which can be said to be the products of information technology into the nuclear means or the gene means held by some public or private powers, manipulate, drive them wild, and cause the total destruction. Such outsiders, intrusion, manipulation, means intruded and manipulated, and means for that intrusion and manipulation are looked upon as weapons. They can be called "Manipulations by Outsiders" of them or Outsiders' Manipulating them, and are included in weapons in these books.
Now, let us look through which of those means or weapons are totally, pre-totally, massively, or less destructive means.
INSTRUMENTAL MEANS
Instrumental means excluding weapons are not totally, pre-totally, or massively but less destructive means. The wars, autocracies, despotisms, and so forth which used instrumental weapons sometimes caused massive destruction. All the same, nothing or nobody only involving instrumental means or weapons ever cause the total destruction.
MECHANICAL MEANS
The mechanical means excluding weapons can cause massive destruction when they are used on a large scale. For example, unless factories, cars, and so forth's discharges of carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, fluorocarbon, and so forth are restricted, massive destruction will be caused. All the same, though they can cause massive destruction, they cannot cause the total destruction and are not totally or pre-totally destructive means. That is because the destruction of the nature by such means goes on much more slowly and locally than that by nuclear weapons or immutable gene means do. When they prosper exceedingly, they destroy the nature for human beings, some other living things, and the nature for them, and human beings and those living things will decline. When human beings decline, those means decline, the nature for human beings and that for those living things revive, and so human beings and those living things revive. That is, such means leave some rooms for those revivals and do not deviate from the cycle of prosperity and decline which was explained earlier.
The mechanical weapons can cause massive destruction, above all, in war, autocracy, totalitarianism, and so forth. All the same, they cannot cause the total destruction. Even if all the mechanical weapons on the earth are used in a day, they cannot. In addition, chemical weapons can cause massive destruction more on a large scale than the other mechanical weapons. All the same, even if all of them on the earth are used in a day, they cannot cause the total destruction. Biological weapons excluding genetic weapons can cause massive destruction. All the same, how hard human beings cultivate, select, or refine them, unless their genes are manipulated, they do not make much difference from old bacteria or viruses, and they cannot cause the total destruction.
In such ways, mechanical means including weapons are not totally but massively destructive means. It is not that they may be neglected but that the total abolition and prevention of totally destructive means needs to be given priority to. We, human beings, need to abolish and prevent mechanical weapons after we totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means.
NUCLEAR MEANS
The nuclear means excluding nuclear weapons like nuclear power plants can cause the research and development of nuclear weapons, which are totally destructive means, and so they are pre-totally destructive means. In addition, if they run wild through unexpected accident, natural disasters, and so forth, they cause massive destruction, and so they are massively destructive means.
If a certain number (z) or more of the nuclear means excluding nuclear weapons on the earth should run wild in a few days, the total destruction can be caused. All the same, such simultaneous and multiple running wild never happens spontaneously but is certain to be caused by some human beings' sophisticated strategy and manipulation of the means which can be said to be the products of information technology. This is included in manipulations of nuclear means by outsiders which were explained earlier, and is included in nuclear weapons. That is, manipulations of nuclear means by outsiders are included in nuclear weapons, can cause the total destruction, and are totally destructive means.
Concerning nuclear weapons in themselves, when a certain number (z) or more of some subgroups of nuclear weapons are used in some situations, the total destruction will be caused, and so nuclear weapons are totally destructive means. For example, though repeated, when a certain number (z) or more of hydrogen bombs belonging to nuclear weapons are, in the chain of retaliation, used in most of the continents and seas on both the hemisphere, by the radiations directly and indirectly caused by them, first, the genes of a lot of living things on land and in the swallow underground and sea will be destroyed or mutated, they will be killed or will suffer from cancer or infertility, and so they will be extinguished. Second, respiration, photosynthesis, and the food chain there will not function, and so all the living things there will be extinguished. Third, the food chain from the land and the swallow underground and sea will not function, and the living things in the deep underground and sea will be extinguished. Finally, the total destruction will be caused. From now on, not only some public but also private powers can research, develop, hold, and use nuclear weapons. In addition, as explained above, it is possible that some outsiders or insiders who are actually outsiders intrude into them and manipulate them, that some insiders lose the ability to control them, and that some aging or breaking down takes place beyond human reasons.
The atomic bombs in the middle of the twentieth century in themselves are not totally destructive means but pre-totally destructive means and massively destructive means. All the same, the research and development of them in and after the twenty-first century immediately lead to those of nuclear weapons as totally destructive means. Therefore atomic bombs are included in totally destructive means and in nuclear weapons in these books.
In such a way, when totally destructive means are defined, they need to include the means which immediately lead to the research and development of them. Therefore, when nuclear weapons were defined, their core was defined as not nuclear fission or fusion but "the changes of atomic nuclei."
In such ways, nuclear weapons can cause radiations, and the latter destroy the genes when used. In such a way, they destroy genes indirectly. In contrast, human beings are manipulating genes directly in the following way.
IRREPLICABLE GENE MEANS
Irreplicable gene means can cause massive destruction and are massively destructive means. For example, though they cannot reproduce themselves, the bacteria or viruses whose genes have been manipulated and whose infectivity or toxicity has been increased can cause massive destruction when a lot of them go out of laboratories. Irreplicable gene weapons can cause massive destruction more than those excluding weapons can and are massively destructive means.
All the same, because irreplicable genes means cannot reproduce themselves and because irreplicable gene means cannot reproduce themselves, cannot cause total destruction, and are not totally destructive means.
MUTABLE GENE MEANS
The possibility of mutable gene means' causing massive destruction is larger than that of irreplicable gene means. The possibility of mutable gene weapons' causing massive destruction is larger than that of mutable means excluding weapons. That is because mutable genes means can reproduce themselves.
It seems that mutable gene means reproduce themselves endlessly and can cause the total destruction. All the same, mutable genes contained in mutable gene means can undergo spontaneous mutations, and so mutable gene means can be selected in the nature. That is, they are not so difference from traditional living things. However harmful they are, they can cause not total destruction but such massive destruction as the most malign viruses or bacteria have ever caused. Whether they are weapons or not, mutable gene means are not totally but massive destructive means.
However, it is not that irreplicable and mutable gene means may be neglected but that the following have priority.
IMMUTABLE GENE MEANS
In contrast, immutable gene means involving immutable genes, where something other than the base sequence is changed or which are not certain to undergo spontaneous mutation, is not certain to be selected in the nature. They are monsters which have deviated from traditional living things. We cannot foresee how such means behave themselves, but writers will try to enumerate their possibility.
(1)They are not selected in the nature, reproduce themselves endlessly and go on destroying living things including human beings. It is even possible that they consume organic matter on the earth.
(2)They infect living things wider and faster than traditional pathogens.
(3)They are not blocked by any immune systems.
(4)They are not sterilized with any disinfection methods.
(5)They destroy what old pathogens did not destroy, for example, the immune cells of nervous systems or blood stem cells.
Therefore immutable gene means cannot be said never to cause the total destruction, can cause it, and are totally destructive means.
Of course, immutable gene weapons are totally destructive means. Whether they are weapons or not, immutable gene means are totally destructive means.
In addition, the manipulations of immutable gene means by some outsiders are included in the immutable gene weapons and are totally destructive means.
As was explained earlier, when a certain number (z) or more of some subgroups of nuclear weapons are used in some situations, they cause the total destruction. In nuclear weapons, the number (z), the subgroups, and the situations are comparatively clear and the number is comparatively large. In contrast, only a few immutable gene means can cause the total destruction, a certain number (z) is comparatively vague and small or can be one. In addition, the distinction between research, development, hold, and use is vague in them. For example, even when a few immutable genes generated in a test tube are drained into the sink, it cannot be said that they never cause the total destruction.
As was explained earlier, though certain kinds of bases themselves and certain chains themselves often changes in all living things, the materials changed in such a way do not exist and function as genes or parts of living things and are resolved, captured by immunity, or discharged from living things. In contrast, it is possible that immutable genes made with human ingenuity are not resolved, captured, or discharged.
Of course, immutable gene weapons are totally destructive means. However, it can be said that the immutable gene means excluding weapons can be looked upon as weapons, too.
Now, it turns out that irreplicable and mutable gene means can cause the research and development of immutable gene means, and that the former are the pre-totally destructive means for the latter. This needs to be researched and foreseen, and the latter need to be prevented in the stage of the former.
PREVENTING OVERRESTRICTION AGAINST GENE MANIPULATION
The overrestriction against gene manipulation can be prevented by confining totally destructive means in gene means to immutable gene means.
Above all, the human daily desires to want to live long and to stay in good health and to want their families, friends, and so on to do the same are serious. The means other than immutable gene means, that is, traditional means, irreplicable gene means, and mutable gene means are enough to satisfy such desires. There is no reason to bother to use immutable gene means in order to satisfy human daily desires including medicine and welfare, too.
ARTIFICIAL, DRASTIC CHANGES
Now, lets turn to the earth's crust and the space.
Nobody or nothing cannot stop the natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun like aging or collapse. If a few human beings or living things were to emigrate to another system, planet, or satellite and to exist, it could not be looked upon as the earth's living things' existing. That is not because such emigrants would be extinguished in a few generations but because, if they were to exist for generations, they would be sure to evolve to a direction quite different from the earth's evolution's and to become something quite different from the earth's living things.
As was explained earlier, if human beings should induce drastic change of the earth's crust and cause the total destruction, it is caused by nuclear means or weapons, and it is included in nuclear weapons. However, when we turn to the space, we find that there is another way to cause drastic change. It will be impossible to change the orbits of any planets or satellites of the solar system, However, it is possible that human beings change the orbits of some asteroids, have them collide with or come close to the earth, and cause the total destruction. It is possible without nuclear means, and the means in a narrow sense do not matter much. In addition, even if human beings do not intentionally try to, it is possible, for example, by some accidents while they are exploring them or extracting their resources. There are some theories that a lot of species including dinosaurs were extinguished by the collusion of some giant or a lot of meteorites. Whether or not it was true, it is probable that asteroids larger than them extinguish living things. Their collusion with or approach to the earth which is naturally caused can be looked upon the natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun. However, that which is caused by human being, whether it is caused intentionally or accidentally and whichever means is used, can be looked upon as the total destruction and totally destructive means in a broad sense which was defined earlier. Such total destruction and totally destructive means can be called "Artificial, Drastic Changes (of the Earth or the Sun)" or Drastic Changes (of the Earth or the Sun) Induced by Human Beings, or "Means Inducing Drastic Changes (of the Earth or the Sun)." It includes (1) such manipulation of asteroids as changes their orbits and (2) the drastic change of the earths' crust by nuclear weapons. However, the latter is included in nuclear weapons in these books.
After all, totally destructive means are nuclear weapons, immutable gene means, and such manipulation of asteroids as changes their orbits.
In addition, pre-totally destructive means can be redefined as the manipulations of atomic nuclei, those of genes, and those of asteroids, and their products. Simply, we need to pay attention to the manipulations of atomic nuclei, genes, and asteroids. This will be easy to understand.
CONFINING TOTALLY DESTRUCTIVE MEANS
In those ways, nuclear weapons, immutable gene means, and such manipulation of asteroids as changes their orbits are totally destructive means. In addition, all that are totally destructive means are them.
CLEARANCE OF RESIGNATION AND PESSIMISM
In those ways, as long as human beings have abolished and are preventing totally abolish and prevent nuclear weapons, immutable gene means, and such manipulation of asteroids as changes their orbits, even if human beings and their means prosper exceedingly, they only decline, living things and the nature for their existence and evolution revive, and they exist until the natural, drastic change of the earth or the sun.
Moreover, when we compare nuclear weapons, immutable gene means, and such manipulation of asteroids as changes their orbits, that is totally destructive means on the one hand with the means excluding them on the other hand, the latter destroy much more slowly than the former do and leave the room for those declining to revive. Therefore, as long as human beings totally abolish and prevent the former, even if they and their means prosper exceedingly, they only decline. When they decline, the nature for their existence and revolution revives. Then human beings, too, revive. Now, it turns out that living things including human beings or evolved human beings can exist only by totally abolishing and preventing totally destructive means until the drastic change of the earth or the sun. That is, now, it turns out that the total abolition and prevention of totally destructive means, that is, the security of the minimum existence of living things have already included that of human beings or evolved ones.
In addition, it turns out that the security of the minimum existence of living things includes that of evolved human beings. Are there any problems with our evolving? If we evolved, they would not get worse than the present human beings.
Through the emotions like resignation, pessimism, and so forth, the possibility of human beings' totally abolishing and preventing totally destructive means gets smaller, and that of their causing the total destruction gets larger. It needs to be emphasized that living things including human beings or evolved human beings can exist only by totally abolishing and preventing totally destructive means.
Since they developed and held nuclear weapons which are no more than a part of totally destructive means, human beings have given up existence by having the resignation that it is impossible to totally abolish and prevent totally destructive means, haven't they? That resignation has been too rash. It is possible to totally abolish and prevent them by piling up unilateral abolition through selective destructive means-SMAD-alienating powers-mutually revealing powers, which was explained earlier and in "EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY." Please do not give up existence rashly.
EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY
Moreover, it turns out that the total abolition and prevention of totally destructive means does not at all restrict the daily desires and the freedom of general citizens. Even if they are abolished, those which have been hidden underground, underwater, or in the space only disappear, and citizens do not even notice that disappearance. Rather, their daily lives become easy by the reduction of military expenditure and tax. It is only what is called military-industrial complexes that are annoyed.
From now on, the holders of political and economic powers may secretly develop and hold totally destructive means by showing non-totally destructive means like the destruction of the nature as if they were totally destructive means and by diverting citizens' attention to them. In order to prevent such deception, it needs to be declared that all that are totally destructive means are nuclear weapons, immutable gene means, and such manipulation of asteroids as changes their orbits. In order to declare it, we need to ensure the freedom of speech.
In addition, from now on, the holders of political and economic powers may destroy liberal rights, political rights, democratic systems, separations of powers, and the rule of law and run wildly to autocracy, totalitarianism, or the like by showing the pretext of the existence of the whole of human beings or living things. It goes without saying that autocracy, totalitarianism, or the like leads to great wars and endanger the existence of living things including human beings. However, it is not enough.
In order to secure the existence of living things including human beings, we need to preserve the environment, to preserve and make good use of natural resources, to maintain the adequate world population, to stabilize the economy, and maintain the minimum lives of citizens. For those, it is certain that appropriate and synthetic policies need to be planned and carried out. In order for the appropriate and synthetic polices for those to be planned, autocracy, totalitarianism, or the like do not function, and the discussions through the freedom of speech are necessary. In order to ensure the freedom of speech, we need to prevent autocracy, totalitarianism, or the like, and to ensure liberal rights in general, political rights, democratic systems, separations of powers, and the rule of law. Of course, liberty is not only the means for existence but also itself the supreme purpose.
On those grounds, we, human beings, need to make existence and liberty compatible. Moreover, it is not only necessary but also possible. The concrete ways to make existence and liberty compatible are explained in "EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY" and "SEPARATING EACH STATE POWER INTO THE TWO SYSTEMS OF THAT OF THE RULE OF LAW PROTECTING LIBERAL RIGHTS AND THAT OF THE HUMAN RULE SECURING SOCIAL RIGHTS."
References
EXISTENCE AND LIBERTY
SEPARATING EACH STATE POWER INTO THE TWO SYSTEMS OF THAT OF THE RULE OF LAW PROTECTING LIBERAL RIGHTS AND THAT OF THE HUMAN RULE SECURING SOCIAL RIGHTS
PSYCHOLOGIES OF ANIMALS HAVING MEMORIES OR MORE―A TRILOGY ON PSYCHOLOGY
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